Which category of kinesics includes gestures that substitute for words?

The category of kinesics that includes gestures that substitute for words is emblems. Emblems are specific gestures that carry a particular meaning and can be understood without accompanying speech. For example, a thumbs-up gesture typically indicates approval or agreement, while a wave can signify greeting or farewell. These gestures are culturally specific and can convey a clear message that stands alone without requiring any verbal expression.

Understanding the role of emblems is essential in communication, as they can enhance the clarity of the message being conveyed or act as a complete substitute for verbal communication in certain contexts. Emblems are distinct from other categories of kinesics, such as illustrators, which complement or enhance spoken words but do not stand alone, or regulators, which are used to manage the flow of conversation. Similarly, affect displays relate to nonverbal indicators of emotions rather than serving as a substitute for words.